They are:
- The Four Noble Truths: The first teaching of Buddha is that all life is characterized by suffering (dukkha). This suffering is caused by desire and craving (tanha). However, there is a way to end this suffering, and that is by following the Noble Eightfold Path.
- The Noble Eightfold Path: The Noble Eightfold Path is a set of guidelines that one must follow in order to end suffering. The eight components of the path are right understanding, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.
- Impermanence: Another key teaching of Buddha is that all things are impermanent, constantly changing, and subject to decay. This includes physical objects, emotions, and even our bodies and minds.
- Non-Self: Buddha taught that there is no permanent, unchanging self or soul. Rather, our sense of self is constantly changing and is dependent on various factors such as our thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
- Karma: Karma is the idea that our actions have consequences and that we will experience the results of our actions either in this life or in a future life. By cultivating positive actions, we can create positive karma and improve our future experiences.
- Compassion: Buddha taught the importance of compassion and loving-kindness towards all living beings. This includes not just humans but also animals and all other forms of life.
- Mindfulness: Finally, Buddha taught the importance of mindfulness, which involves being fully present and aware of our thoughts, feelings, and surroundings. By cultivating mindfulness, we can gain insight into our minds and improve our ability to respond to the world skillfully and compassionately.
